The Evolving Self

Human Development from the Perspective of Robert Kegan

Father and Son

Perhaps one of the most significant contributions developmental theorist Robert Kegan has made to the study of human development, lies in his stressing of the importance of context and environment in the evolution of human beings. Kegan refers to this as our embeddedness he speaks not only of external embeddedness in a culture but also of the internalized embeddedness of each developmental stage in which our psyches dwell.

**The Cultures of Embeddedness can be understood as the intimate contexts out of which we are repeatedly recreated. They exist not only in the form of external social and psychological support but also as part of an individual's identity.

This embeddedness has three primary functions for human development.

  1. Confirmation (Holding) which supports an individual through the stage of recogition
  2. Contradiction (Letting go) which releases the individual at the appropriate time in order to facilitate differentiation
  3. Continuity (Staying put) which provides the stability and commitment of support while an individual moves through new and unfamiliar stages of development. **

    Kegan emphasizes the importance of regarding each phase as an evolving transitional process where dynamic tension pushes us to grow. Regarding the developmental process as an assending spiral, Kegan has defined six stages or selves. In his first book The Evolving Self Kegan explored previous developmental theories and elaborated on his own. Relying extensively on his writing, I have attempted to provide a consise overview of his basic definitions of these six stages of development. In addition, I have gratefully utilized Kegan's Table 7: Forms and Functions of embeddedness cultures (p.118-120: The Evolving Self) as a model from which I have created an adapted table:the Components of Embeddedness which is featured on the following pages.




    Incorporative
    Incorporative Self

    Impulsive
    Impulsive Self

    Imperial
    Imperial Self

    Interpersonal
    Interpersonal Self

    Institutional
    Institutional Self

    Inter-individual
    Inter-individual Self




    Gate
    Gate

    Exit
    Exit




    The information on this site is derived from:
    **Professor Brita Gill Austern, Helpful Terms for Understanding The Evolving Selfa handout from: The Psychology and Theology of Pastoral Care: Meaning Making Through the Life Cycle; Psy P 607 (ANTS Fall 1996)
  4. Kegan, Robert, The Evolving Self: Problem and Process in Human Development, (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982)


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